Drug Treatment of Sleep Disorders by Antonio Guglietta

Author:Antonio Guglietta
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Springer International Publishing, Cham

Zolpidem 1.75 mg

Zolpidem 3.5 mg

Women (n = 11)

Men (n = 13)

Women (n = 11)

Men (n = 13)

AUC (ng h/mL)

151.36 ± 61.54

104.73 ± 35.04

295.6 ± 105.66

197.69 ± 72.43

Cmax (ng/mL)

37.47 ± 11.1

27.68 ± 7.5

77.13 ± 23.71

53.15 ± 14.29

3 Efficacy

The sleep-promoting effect of zolpidem has been demonstrated in healthy “good sleepers” and in elderly and non-elderly patients with chronic primary or secondary/comorbid insomnia. Zolpidem has been found to improve objective and subjective sleep initiation and maintenance parameters such as sleep-onset latency (SOL), latency to persistent sleep (LPS), wake after sleep onset (WASO), total sleep time (TST), and sleep efficiency (SE). Subjective sleep quality is generally improved but the effects on sleep architecture parameters are less consistent, with some placebo-controlled studies showing increases of stage 2 sleep or decreases of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, others not. Extensive reviews of these efficacy studies of IOR or CR zolpidem have been published elsewhere (Staner et al. 2010a; Monti et al. 2008) and this section focuses on studies performed with the two sublingual formulations of zolpidem.

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